Which of the following is NOT a method within the presidential election process?

The presidential election process involves several critical methods that facilitate the selection of a candidate for the presidency. The method identified as not part of this process is referendums.

Primaries and caucuses are both integral parts of the electoral process through which political parties select their nominees for president. In primaries, registered voters participate in elections to choose their preferred candidate. Caucuses are more community-oriented gatherings where party members discuss and decide on their candidate. Both of these methods contribute directly to determining which candidates will appear on the ballot for the general election.

The Electoral College is another essential element of the presidential election process, established by the U.S. Constitution. After citizens vote in the general election, the results translate into electors representing each state in the Electoral College, which ultimately casts the official votes for president.

In contrast, referendums are a different political process where voters decide directly on specific legislative measures or amendments. They are not a formal step in selecting a presidential candidate and do not play a role in the electoral methods used to elect the president. Thus, referendums stand apart from the primaries, caucuses, and the Electoral College, making them the correct answer.