Which federal body can approve treaties?

The Senate is the federal body that has the constitutional authority to approve treaties. Under Article II, Section 2 of the U.S. Constitution, the President can negotiate and sign treaties, but these treaties must then be submitted to the Senate for ratification. For a treaty to be approved, it requires a two-thirds majority vote in the Senate. This process ensures a system of checks and balances between the executive and legislative branches of government, reflecting the framers' intent to prevent any one branch from having unchecked power over foreign affairs.

While the President plays a critical role in foreign relations and can negotiate treaties, the Senate is the body that provides the necessary oversight and consent to those treaties, thus solidifying its role in international agreements. The other options do not have the constitutional power to approve treaties, highlighting the unique responsibilities assigned to the Senate within the framework of U.S. government.