Mass media includes various forms of communication. Which of the following is NOT considered mass media?

Mass media refers to platforms that communicate to large audiences typically simultaneously, such as television, radio, and social media. These channels are designed to disseminate information widely, reaching many individuals without direct interaction.

Direct mail, however, is fundamentally different because it involves sending targeted messages directly to individuals through physical mail or email. While it can reach many people, it is not intended for mass consumption in the same way as the other mediums listed. Direct mail is often personalized and targeted, which distinguishes it from the broad, untargeted nature of traditional mass media forms. This distinction is critical in understanding how various communication channels operate within media studies and communications.